Sweet Remedy: Red Clover Plant Profile

I’m so happy to be writing about a plant that I grew up with and spent many a happy hour as a child creating crowns with. A field of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) is a sight that fills me with happiness and I hope to share with you some of the ways that this common flower can be used in your herbal practice. You can find a printable version of the guide below in The Plant Ally Library.

So what does a flower associated with luck and the Good Folk have to offer when it comes to healing? Let’s learn!

image via @lesterhine

Red Clover
(Trifolium pratense)

Common + Folk Names : Sweet clover, bee bread, cow clover, honeystalks, marl grass, peavine clover, meadow honeysuckle, meadow trefoil, purple clover, three-leaves grass, trefoil, trifoil, trébol, cloeferwort. 

Tarot Cards : The Suit of Cups, the Star (learn more about the connections between the tarot and herbs)

Element : All Elements

Zodiac Signs : Cancer (Guardian)

Planets : Venus, Moon, Mercury

Moon Phase : New Moon

Parts used : Flower and leaf

Habitat : Native to Eurasia, North Africa, and North America, and widely naturalized in grassy areas and roadsides.

Growing conditions : Full to partial sun with moderate water.

Collection : Collect in spring and avoid collection in autumn due to issues with toxic mold.

Flavor : Sweet

Temperature : Cool

Moisture : Moist

Tissue State : Dryness (Atrophy), Tension (Constriction) - learn more about traditional western herbalism energetics.

Constituents : Protein, beta-carotene, B-complex vitamins, vitamin C, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, silicon, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, volatile oils, polysaccharides, isoflavones, salicylates, coumarins, cyanogenic glycosides.

Actions : Alterative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antineoplastic, antitumor, antitussive, aperient, blood thinning, cardiotonic, deobstruent, depurative, diuretic, expectorant, galactagogue, laxative, nutritive, phytoestrogenic, sedative, vulnerary.

Main Uses : When I ask folks in my classes about early experiences with plants, one of the common memories mentioned is making crowns out of Clover blossoms, myself included. I grew up listening to stories of the Good Folk and woodland creatures savoring the sweetness of Clover and made plenty of Clover crowns (and necklaces and bracelets) as part of my childhood adventures. I've yet to live anywhere that I haven't spotted a variety of Clover growing in an open field or roadside and I find myself drawn to the blooms again and again whenever I have a chance to spend time in stillness out in a park or grassy area.

Before I started my formal herbal studies I knew of Red Clover's magickal qualities (more on that below) and learned about its value as a nutrient rich cover crop through my permaculture studies. It wasn't until I was a few years into my practice as an herbalist that I began to really appreciate the healing qualities of Red Clover when looking for herbs to support fertility. Since then, Red Clover has become one of my most trusted and reliable herbal support for folks hoping to conceive. The herb has a number of qualities which makes it so useful to supporting fertility including having an estrogenic effect on the internal reproductive organs which can be helpful in many ways including having a positive influence on ovulation. Red Clover can also be used for improving sperm count. I feel like Red Clover also helps with conception because it is nutrient rich, helps reduce stress, and assists with cleansing out energetic congestion. 

image via @j_blueberry

In addition to clearing out energetic congestion, Red Clover has a prized place in traditional western herbalism as a blood cleanser, helping to clear conditions of toxicity, and supporting the elimination of toxins from the body as a diuretic. Red Clover has an affinity for the blood and can be used for a variety of chronic blood conditions including anemia. Famed Appalachian herbalist Tommie Bass used Red and White Clover as a blood building tonic and it's an easy herb to add to your spring tonic blends to rebuild energy and the immune system after a long winter. The herb also supports the lymphatic system and helps to expel excess phlegm through its quality of thinning out and expulsion. A stiff neck that improves with heat is one of the indicators that Red Clover might be a useful and needed ally.

I really like Red Clover for menstrual cycles that are heavy and painful. Start using the herb as a tea a week before the menstrual cycle begins and then throughout the cycle - do this for a few months for best results. You can consider combining Red Clover with uterine tonic Raspberry Leaf (Rubus idaeus) especially where cramps are overpowering. Crampbark (Viburnum opulus) or Black Haw (Viburnum prunifolium) can be used as needed for cramps, too. Red Clover is also a useful ally for menopause, helping to reduce uncomfortable symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, and general irritability. The herb can be used as a tea and douche for vaginal infections.

In cases of coughs and congestion, Red Clover can be used to break up phlegm, soothe coughs, and clear bronchial passages. The herbs antiviral and anti-inflammatory qualities help to prevent the cold and flu from settling into the body. Use in post-cold blends and for recovery from fatigue-based diseases as a nutritive tonic and to help rebuild strength - especially wonderful in foot baths post-recovery to improve circulation and cleansing the lymph system. Red Clover has traditionally been used to treat hard swellings, cysts, nodules, and persistent inflammation in the body, including cancerous swellings and infections, especially of the lymphs, breasts, and ovaries. 

Red Clover is a wonderful skin ally, addressing issues of acne, eczema, psoriasis, and general skin inflammation. A lovely ally for teenagers as a tea and skin wash for acne. Use as a wash, bath, and/or salve for old skin wounds that are slow to heal and a hair rinse for an irritated scalp. A good choice for athlete's foot, all sorts of bites and stings (Culpeper notes its use as a remedy against adder bite), arthritic pain, burns, and general wound care. Herbalists Jalue Bruton-Seal and Matthew Seal recommend combining equal parts of Red Clover with Curly Dock (Rumex crispus) in tincture form for chronic constipation, general toxicity, acne (or other inflamed skin conditions, and swollen glands. Use as an eyewash for conjunctivitis and a gargle for sore throats. 

image via @switch_dtp_fotografie

Magickal Uses : Red Clover is primarily a plant of luck and good fortune, helping to protect against baneful forces. Use the herb in all spells of luck and abundance. A four leaf clover is a lucky charm, especially if you found it yourself. Scott Cunningham has advice for each variety of leafed Clover:

"Two-leaved: If you find a two-leaved clover, you shall soon find a lover. Three-leaved: Trefoil, or three leaved clover, is worn as a protective amulet. Four-leaved: The four-leaved clover, if worn, helps men avoid military service. It also protects against madness, strengthens psychic powers, enables you to detect the presence of spirits, and leads the wearer to gold, money, or treasures. If two people eat a four-leaved clover, mutual love will result. Seven grains of wheat laid on a four-leaved clover will enable one to see fairies. If you put a four-leaved clover in your shoe before going out you will increase your chances of meeting a new love. Five-leaved: The five-leaved clover is powerful for attracting money, and should be worn for this purpose."⁴

With its strong association with the Good Folk, you can incorporate Red Clover (and all varieties of Clover) into rituals and magick involving Them. Red Clover is also a lucky charm to keep on you for cultivating fortuitous chance encounters. You can set the intention for this by writing down the type of encounter you're seeking (i.e. I want to meet someone who will help me get the job of my dreams) and folding the paper around a Clover leaf and blossom.

The Red Clover Personality : Red Clover folk can have the appearance of energetic and physical weakness due to feeling overwhelmed by the world around them. In other words, they are in the midst of a storm and are losing a sense of their center and who they are. There have been repeated experiences in their life that have led them to feeling unsteady in their sense of self which can further compromise an already inherently sensitive disposition. While not a strict rule, I would say that most Red Clover folk I've met would qualify as highly sensitive people. The lack of support and trust in their sensitivity often has been taught to them by caretakers, peers, and other people they are in significant relationship with, and they then proceed to perpetuate their own self-restricting cycles of denying, being frustrating with, and/or worn down by their sensitivity.

While there are many plant allies for sensitive folks, Red Clover folk seem to have a particular signature of denying their psychic and intuitive gifts which leads to a state of listlessness and an energetic cloudiness or congestion that feels impossible to clear. There might even be a fear of their own psychic gifts, sometimes stemming, in part, from frightening psychic experiences in their childhood. One of the beautiful paths of healing that Red Clover folk can take is to cultivate their psychic gifts while simultaneously connecting with the spirit of the Land they live with as well as ancestral Lands. Red Clover can help them to feel strengthened and grounded in their sensitivity through this approach of Land-centered intuitive practice so that they can flourish in their many ways of experiencing the world.

Contraindications : Avoid with blood thinner medication or if you have a bleeding disorder. Avoid at least a week before surgery. Avoid altogether or use only in pregnancy and breastfeeding in small doses with guidance from an herbal practitioner. 

Drug interactions : Caution with anticoagulants, salicylates, and Warfarin.

Dosage : Standard dosage.

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If you’ve connected to the story of Red Clover as an ally for folks with heightened sensitivity, check out my other recommendations for highly sensitive folk. You might find plant allies like Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) useful, too.

I hope you find a lot of joy and play working with Red Clover!

This post was made possible through patron support.
❤︎ Thanks, friends. ❤︎

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Footnotes

1. Rebecca Beyer, Mountain Magic: Explore the Secrets of Old Time Witchcraft (New York, NY: Wellfleet Press, 2023), 51.

2. Nicholas Culpeper, and J. J. Pursell, Culpeper's Complete Herbal: A Compendium of Herbs and Their Uses, Annotated for Modern Herbalists, Healers, and Witches (Portland, OR: Microcosm Publishing, 2022), 89.

3. Julie Bruton-Seal and Matthew Seal, Backyard Medicine: Harvest and Make Your Own Herbal Remedies (New York: Castle Books, 2012), 141.

4. Scott Cunningham, Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs (St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 2001), 87.

The Plant Allies of Autumn: How to Create an Autumn Wellness Apothecary

In the final post of my seasonal wellness apothecary series, it's time to explore the healing needs that often appear when autumn arrives. The heat of summer gives way to the cooler days and nights of fall, where the wheel of the year turns ever deeper into the dark. Autumn can mark a time of increased exposure to germs (often through returning to school or work after break), but some simple preparations can prevent a great deal of discomfort. 

As with my winter, spring, and summer apothecary posts, I've organized my recommendation by herbal actions such as bronchodilators for asthma that intensifies at the change of seasons. As always, I've tried to highlight herbs that are easy to access (especially in North America, where I am writing this from) and/or inexpensive to grow yourself, but hopefully you'll feel inspired and able to work with herbs local to your area. While I've linked to full plant profiles throughout this post, you'll find full, printable profiles of nearly every herb featured in my apothecary series available in The Plant Ally Library.

Ready for some autumn healing? Let's explore some of the common ailments and the plant allies we can connect to during the season of fall. 

image by author

Ready For What Lies Ahead: Cultivating wisdom and supporting brain health 

Herbal Actions: Nootropics, nervines, and adaptogens.

While I have written about brain tonics in my spring apothecary post, I wanted to mention a few more that I particularly like working with during the autumn and growing winter of the year. 

Gingko (Gingko biloba): A great ally for brain health in general, but especially for older folks. Within Ayurvedic tradition Gingko is considered a rasayana or restorative tonic for the mind. (1) It is a helpful remedy for brain fog, poor memory, and the anxiety that can accompany both. I like working with Gingko as an ancestor plant as it is an ancient tree that has been on this planet for nearly 300 million years, making it a particularly potent ally to work with during the season of harvest and ancestors.

Peppermint (Mentha piperita): Another brain tonic that I turn to during the autumn and winter is Peppermint. I love this easy-to-grow, distinctively scented plant ally for its ability to wake up the senses and stimulate focus. As someone who doesn't use a lot of stimulating herbs in their personal practice, I like the Peppermint is energizing while still being grounding, which is the perfect blend for when I need to focus on a project. 

Other brain tonic plant allies to consider are Milky Oat (Avena sativa) when there is brain fog due to nervous system exhaustion, Sage (Salvia spp.), Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus), and Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora).

image by author

Tending the Soul Shrine: Supporting the health and beauty of our skin

Herbal Actions: Vulneraries, astringents, and nervines.

While I've already written about more first-aid and post-sun exposure treatments in my summer apothecary post, the following plant allies are generally supportive of skin health and radiance, helping to cocoon our skin in healing remedies as the weather turns cooler.

Rose (Rosa spp.): My absolute favorite skin for skin wellness and radiance, I love using Rose in all of its forms. Rose hydrosol is a wonderful way to clean and tone the skin, while Rose Hip oil is a rich serum to help the skin glow as well as being useful for conditions like acne and discoloration from sun exposure. I meditate with Rose, one of our ancient plant allies similar to Gingko (Gingko biloba) and use their flower essence to help me with issues of the heart. I drink Rose tea in celebration of Venusian energy in my life and to tend to the needs of my soul shrine. The simplicity of using one plant for most of my skincare is one of the ways that I take care of myself best - keeping anything that I need to do on a daily basis simple and nourishing. 

Calendula (Calendula officinalis): While I've mentioned a number of Calendula's healing gifts in my spring apothecary post, they are one of my favorite end of summer, start of autumn herbal oils to use on my skin. Using Calendula herbal oil during this time of year, that I've made myself from my spring harvest of flowers, feels like infusing my skin with the last bit of summer's heat before I welcome in the much anticipated coolness of autumn and cold of winter. It is a great plant ally in all its forms (herbal oil, flower for tea, and flower essence) for those who struggle with sadness at the change of the seasons from the light to the dark half of the year.

Herbs like Chamomile (Matricaria recutita), Sacred Basil (Ocimum sanctum), Lavender (Lavandula spp.), and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) are also great allies of the skin.

Damp and Dust and Runny Noses: Addressing autumn season allergies 

For recommendations on plant allies for allergies see my spring apothecary post.

image by @glatz0

Autumn Winds and Deep Breaths: Supporting the respiratory system and relieving the symptoms of asthma

Herbal Actions: Bronchodilators, antispasmodics, anti-inflammatories, antitussives, and nervous system tonics.

Cramp Bark (Viburnum opulus): A great bronchodilator and antispasmodic that's not only useful for asthma but for coughs in general. The herb also has relaxing nervine qualities that address the stress and anxiety that often accompanies an asthma attack.

Lobelia (Lobelia inflata): Lobelia is a classic herb for interrupting an asthma attack in its tracks but it needs to be used with care and ideally under practitioner guidance. It is an herb that should be used in small doses (10 - 20 drops) as large doses can induce vomiting, but it can be very effective in stopping an asthma attack that has already started.

Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna): Hawthorn is a great daily tonic for folks with asthma, especially asthma that is accompanied by heart palpitations and triggered by general stress. The herb helps to regulate heart rhythm and is a wonderful nervous system tonic which aids us in reducing stress.

Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis): An overall good ally for asthma and respiratory conditions that are aggravated by the colder weather. Hyssop brings warmth and dryness to the often cold and moist conditions of the common cold, influenza, and other seasonal complaints. Coldness in the chest is an indication for Hyssop as well as a general slowing of the senses and weakness in the extremities. Hyssop is also a great ally for breathwork, helping us expand our capacity to take a deep breath.

Other herbs to keep around for supporting the health of someone with asthma are Elecampane (Inula helenium), Mullein (Verbascum thapsus), Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora), and Plantain (Plantago spp.), which is especially useful for fire season.

image via @maddy_moon

An Ounce of Prevention: Preventing cold and flu

Herbal Actions: Immunomodulators, anti-inflammatories, and nervines.

As the saying goes, "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." A lot of herbal medicine is focused on preventative measures and the ways that we can incorporate healing plants into our daily life. While I've already discussed prevention for the common cold and the flu in my winter apothecary post, I'd thought I'd highlight my favorite preventative plants here, too.

Milky Oat (Avena sativa): As stress is the underlying reason for much of disease and discomfort, having a friendly nervine (i.e. nervous system tonic) like Milky Oat that you work with on a regular basis can prevent a lot of illness in the long run. Milky Oat is my favorite nervine because it is a gentle but sturdy medicine that helps the body become resilient and it can be used by most people for an extended period of time.

Elder (Sambucus nigra): As summer ends and autumn begins, I pull out a bottle of Elderberry syrup and the whole family starts taking a daily dose of this purple potion. Elder helps to prevent colds and influenza but also helps to shorten the duration of both if you happen to catch either. Thank Goddess for the tree of medicine!

Shatavari (Asparagus racemosa): A highly valued restorative tonic within Ayurvedic tradition, Shatavari is a panacea type of herb, seemingly addressing all that would ail someone. Similar to Milky Oat as a nervine, Shatavari also helps to improve immunity and prevent infection in addition to promoting overall health. It's a great ally to have available all year round, but especially during the start of cold and flu season.

You can read about other preventative plant allies and remedies for cold and flu season in my winter apothecary post.

image via @mero_dnt

Rain is Coming: Managing arthritis and other chronic pain

Herbal Actions: Anti-inflammatories, analgesics, and digestives/stomachics.

Whether arthritis or dealing with an old injury, sometimes when the weather changes to a cooler and damp season there can be an increase in discomfort and pain (i.e. that one person who always knows when it's about to rain because their hip hurts). The following plants provide much needed pain relief to help you enjoy sweater weather better.

Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria):  Meadowsweet is a powerful clearer of heat from the body whether in the form of arthritic inflammation, fever, heartburn or other overheated conditions. Often issues of inflammation extend to the digestive tract which is why herbs like Meadowsweet are so valuable in relieving arthritis as the plant is anti-inflammatory and a classic stomachic. English herbalist Thomas Bartram advises the use of Meadowsweet so that whatever other herbs are recommended that the plant will "have a beneficial effect upon the stomach and intestines to ensure proper absorption of active ingredients." (2)

Turmeric (Curcuma longa): Haldi doodh or golden milk as it is more often known in English, is my favorite daily anti-inflammatory remedy, and Turmeric (Haldi हल्दी in Hindi) is the main ingredient. When making or purchasing Turmeric for its anti-inflammatory qualities you want to make sure to get a variety high in curcumin which is the component of Turmeric that makes it such a beautiful anti-inflammatory ally. (3) You'll also want to mix in Black Pepper (Piper nigrum) to your blend so that the curcumin becomes more bioavailable for your body to absorb (and the piperin in Black Pepper is also anti-inflammatory). In addition to enjoying Turmeric as an internal treatment it makes a great topical compress as well. 

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): Not only my favorite topical treatment for many forms of arthritis, I love Ashwagandha for all sorts of pain. It's great in oil form (herbal oil not essential oil) for post-workout recovery or recovering from acute injury. You can also take it internally to help with inflammation and I recommend making a Moon milk with it which is a evening treat of mixing ½ to 1 teaspoon of Ashwagandha powder with your preferred variety of milk and a sweetener of choice (a bit of Cinnamomum can be a nice addition). You can learn more about all the ways I love Ashwagandha in The Plant Ally Library.

Other anti-inflammatory herbs that can be useful for arthritis include White Willow Bark (Salix alba), Borage (Borago officinalis), Ginger (Zingiber officinalis), Elecampane (Inula helenium), and Nettles (Urtica dioica).

image via @anshuman0090

The Growing Shadow: Alleviating the symptoms of seasonal sadness

Herbal Actions: Nervines, antidepressants, and anxiolytics.

While feeling melancholic from time to time and even when the seasons change from the bright half to the dark half of the year is a normal part of living, when you're experiencing persistent sadness and depression during autumn and winter it's time to seek out support. While I've listed some plants that can be allies for those who are affected by seasonal sadness they are meant to be used alongside other healing modalities like therapy, bodywork, and other forms of medicine. Hopefully, as plants are prone to do when we open up to their wisdom, they'll guide you to the places and spaces you need to be in order to find wellness throughout the year.

One of the styles of remedies that I recommend for folks seeking to alleviate their seasonal depression are remedies that cultivate a sense of comfort. What a comforting remedy is will be different for everyone, but for me, a warm glass of (oat) milk blended with powdered herbs and spices is one of the most comforting remedies I can think of. For many folks with any sort of Indo-European ancestry, there is probably some experience with or at least knowledge of milk-based remedies as deeply comforting and healing (probably stemming from ancient and ongoing veneration of cows and dreams of lands of milk and honey). You might find your comforting remedy in childhood memories (i.e. the scent of Peppermint always makes you feel taken care of because of the menthol rubs you would receive as a child to help you get over a chest cold) or in ancestral and/or cultural traditions that may or may not have been passed down to you. Becoming curious in general, about your comfort or anything else that piques your interest, is one of the ways to guard against and alleviate some of the discomfort of seasonal sadness, so I encourage you to give it a try.

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): As the evenings grow cold, I love preparing a warm cup of Ashwagandha milk before bed. Ashwagandha is a nervous system restorative which means that it helps to repair an exhausted, overwhelmed, and overworked nervous system. It's a lovely ally to work with over an extended period of time and a good option if you find other adaptogenic herbs to be too overstimulating to your system.

Milky Oat (Avena sativa): Do I recommend Milky Oats a lot? Sure do and for good reason. The roots of so many health imbalances is stress and Milky Oat is one of our most prized nervous system tonics in traditional western herbalists, earning it the nickname of "soul milk" amongst some herbalists (myself included). While there is a growing knowledge about seasonal affective disorders, including the important connection between Vitamin D and SAD, as well as genetic dispositions, I've observed a connection between chronic burnout (or a previous period of intense burnout that was never fully recovered from) and seasonal waves of sadness. Working with a nervine like Milky Oat can bring in the reparative and burnout recovery energy that the nervous system needs and possibly help with seasonal sadness in turn. But again, it's important to work one-on-one with health care practitioners who can really support your individual needs around seasonal sadness and depression.

Sacred Basil (Ocimum sanctum): A sturdy friend during hard times, Sacred Basil is a well-loved restorative herb within Ayurvedic tradition, helping to uplift the spirit, relieve anxiety, and ease depression. They harmonize well with Ashwagandha.

Other herbs to consider are Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis), Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca), Mugwort (Artermisia vulgaris), St. Joan's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), Peppermint (Mentha piperita), and Vervain (Verbena spp.). 

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Friends, I hope you enjoyed reading about some of my favorite plant allies for the autumn months. Be sure to check out the rest of the series on creating seasonal wellness apothecaries. I’ve made sure to link to all of the plant profiles available in my community blog (what you’re reading right now), but if you’d like to gain access to my whole collection of plant profiles, come this way.

One of my favorite ways to prepare herbal medicine during the cooler months is by preparing herbal baths. I also find myself drawn to the joy of using the flower essences I’ve made over the summer.

May your autumn be cozy and full of magick!

This post was made possible through patron support.
❤ Thanks, friends. ❤

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Footnotes

(1) Anne McIntyre, Dispensing with Tradition: A Practitioner's Guide to using Indian and Western Herbs the Ayurvedic Way (Cheltenham: Artemis House, 2012), 68.

(2) Thomas Bartram, Bartram's Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine (London: Constable & Robinson Ltd, 1998), 37.

(3) I purchase a lot of my spices, including Turmeric, through Diaspora Co. because a) their spices are amazing and b) their ethics are amazing, too. They have a Turmeric that is high in curcumin and it does help to make anti-inflammatory treatments more effective.